Technically, fast charge is anything over the standard USB specs of 500ma. That could mean the 2A@5v or the QC standard using higher voltages. Fast charge term is not standard.
Since QC stands for Quick Charge, one could argue Fast Charge is 500ma-2A@5v.
You won't find much higher than 2A. Cables are likely to burn up.
'Fast charging' in this context refers to charging above 2A and 5V, the USB spec allows a device to pull a maximum of 2A and 5V so to be able to charge faster than this, companies came up with systems that could run the device at a higher current and voltage. You can see the Qualcomm Quick Charge specifications below, QC2.0 is one of the common ones and it's the one in use on the S7:
Quick Charge - Wikipedia
A Quick Charge 2.0 can draw up to 3A and 12V.
While a device drawing down 2A over USB will charge faster than one at 500mA, it isn't 'fast charging' which can be verified by checking how the phone/tablet identifies the charger. If both the phone and charging source support fast charging then it will show that a fast charger is connected:
If though the charger doesn't support fast charging but can support the higher power levels of USB charging then it will simply show a charger being connected:
The first photo shows where the fast charging setting crystal-pete has referred to would take effect, if fast charge is disabled in the settings then when the phone is connected to a fast charger it will not identify it as a fast charger and instead use the maximum 2A/5V rate.
So for the fast charger setting to affect the Mavic controller power draw, the Mavic controller would have to support fast charging which it definitely does not. Even if it did, switching off fast charging would still allow the device to charge at 2A but the Mavic controller can't do that either. The documentation crystal-pete himself provided shows that the Mavic Controller provides just 500mA which can also be verified on the phone as it identifies the low power draw:
With fast charging disabled, the phone still recognises the Mavic controller as the same type of USB power source and has the same slow recharge.
While I can't replicate crystal-pete's assertions about fast charging, it is possible there's a bug on the S7 which is causing this behaviour which would be easily verified on the S7 on the same screens as above. If the controller for some reason isn't producing the 500mA with the fast charging setting disabled then the S7 will show that it's no longer charging and possibly an error that it can't draw sufficient power from the host device.