Try with a different computer with a different screen size. I couldn't calibrate mine on the surface pro screen; something about either the screen size or aspect ratio was throwing off the calibration process. I used the HP Envy and it worked.
When I tried to calibrate my MA on a 31.5" screen (twin screen setup with a 24" (used for CCTV through Windows)) I got no squares or pattern.
I also tried it on the 24" and the samer thing happened.
Fortunately I had another PC with a 22" screen. After booting, installing DJI Assitant 1.2.5 and then signing in to DJI Assistant (and the drivers installing in Windows automatically) I managed to get the correct calibration screen (patterns, green box and red box) and got my system calibrated.
So it seems the fix is to have a 22" 1080 screen, for me at least.
I could maybe have tried changing my resolution to 1080 on the 31.5" screen to see if that helped, but it was easier to use the other PC.
Note: After Windows installs its things, you will have to disconnect and reconnect your drone with DJI Assistant running or restarting.