If I may, I'd like to add some compass terminology specifics to maybe clear up some confusion and hopefully explain why
@Meta4 says some of the things he says.
Compass
variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north at your particular location on the earth. While it does drift over the years, it's a pretty much a fixed number based on where you are.
Compass
deviation is how much the compass is off (deviates from magnetic north) due to the presence of ferrous metals nearby.
When people talk about calibrating when moving so many miles, they are likely thinking that you are correcting for
variation. I have not seen this specially documented but my strong bet is that these drones have a variation table coded into them and therefore know the variation of any location you go to. Hence calibration is not addressing variation and therefore unnecessary when changing location.
That leaves
deviation. When calibrating a compass for deviation, you are compensating for ferrous metals around the compass that are in a fixed location relative to the compass. Think of the compass at the helm of a boat. You've got ferrous metal in stuff fixed to your dash around the compass which can deflect the needle away from magnetic north. A good old fashioned magnetic compass actually has little bits of adjustable metal that you position with screws to counteract the metal on your dash and return the needle to pointing at magnetic north. Once you set them, you leave them alone unless you add something ferrous
permanently to your dash. And you avoid laying anything metallic nearby temporarily as it adds deviation back in. You wouldn't want to recalibrate based on your iPhone laying there only to have to recalibrate back when you pick it up. Or worse: recalibrate for the iPhone and then take the iPhone away and leave the old calibration. If you do that your compass is off.
So my other strong bet is that compass calibration on these drones is meant to correct for deviation caused by ferrous material inside the drone only. That stuff shouldn't change and that's why you don't need to calibrate the compass all the time and especially why you should
never calibrate your compass in the presence of other ferrous metals that won't be there after you take off. You have deliberately added an erroneous deviation compensation. Once airborne and that temporary source of deviation is removed, your compass is off.
Now, I'm not sure why it requires calibration every so often. It's probably an electronic flux compass of some kind which maybe can get thrown off. Maybe if it ends up in a magnetic field (not the same as near ferrous but non magnetized metal).
So if my strong bets are correct, that's why calibrating based on geo location is unneeded while calibrating in the close proximity of ferrous metals is detrimental and a bad idea.
Bill